In which case did the court rule that Parliament CANNOT amend the basic structure of the Constitution?

The correct answer is: (C) Kesavananda Bharati Case.
Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973):
· This landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India established the "Basic Structure Doctrine."
· The court ruled that while Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution under Article 368, it cannot alter or destroy the basic structure of the Constitution.
· This case resolved the conflict between Parliament's amending powers and the fundamental framework of the Constitution, protecting core principles like democracy, secularism, and judicial independence.
Why not the other options?
1. Balbir Mehta Case:
· This case is unrelated to constitutional amendments or the basic structure. It pertains to the recommendation for establishing Panchayati Raj institutions in India.
2. Ashok Mehta Case(1977):
· This case also relates to Panchayati Raj and decentralization but has no connection to constitutional amendments or the basic structure doctrine.
3. Golaknath Case (1967):
· In the Golaknath Case, the Supreme Court ruled that Parliament could not amend fundamental rights. However, this decision was overturned in the Kesavananda Bharati Case, where the court clarified that Parliament can amend any part of the Constitution, provided it does not violate the basic structure.