Correct option is A
Article 15 (4) of the Constitution of India provides for the reservation of seats in educational institutions in favor of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). This clause was added by the First Amendment to the Constitution in 1951 to allow the State to make special provisions for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens, including SCs and STs.
Information Booster:
1.
Article 15 (4): Enables the State to make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes, including SCs and STs, allowing for reservations in educational institutions.
2.
Article 16 (4): Deals with reservations in matters of public employment but does not directly govern reservations in educational institutions.
3.
Article 29 (2): Prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, language, or any of them in educational institutions maintained by the State, but does not provide for reservations.
4.
Article 14: Provides for equality before the law and equal protection of the laws but does not specifically address reservations.
Additional Information:
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Article 15 (5): Added by the 93rd Amendment Act in 2005, further strengthened the scope of Article 15 (4) by enabling reservations in private educational institutions, excluding minority institutions.
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First Amendment (1951): Introduced Article 15 (4) to overcome judicial setbacks and ensure affirmative action for backward classes.
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SCs and STs: These communities are recognized as historically disadvantaged groups that require special provisions to ensure their equal access to educational opportunities.
