Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: According to Classical Indian School of Logic (Nyaya), it is desirable but not necessary to offer an example in a syllogistic argument or inference.
Reason R: Example shows that there is at least one existent object or case in the world in which the middle and major terms co-exist.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Correct option is D

· Assertion A states: According to Classical Indian School of Logic (Nyaya), it is desirable but not necessary to offer an example in a syllogistic argument or inference.
· This statement is not correct. In Nyaya logic, the example (Udaharana) is considered a necessary part of the traditional five-step inference structure. Without the example, the argument is incomplete according to classical Nyaya standards.
· Reason R states: Example shows that there is at least one existent object or case in the world in which the middle and major terms co-exist.
· This statement is correct. The purpose of an example is indeed to demonstrate that the middle term (Hetu) and the major term (Sadhya) coexist in a specific instance, reinforcing the validity of the inference.
Therefore, since Assertion A is incorrect, but Reason R is correct, the correct answer is:
(d) A is not correct but R is correct. Information Booster 1. Nyaya Syllogism consists of five parts: Pratijna (Proposition), Hetu (Reason), Udaharana (Example), Upanaya (Application), and Nigamana (Conclusion).
2. Udaharana (Example) is necessary in the traditional Nyaya syllogistic framework to illustrate the connection between the middle and major terms.
3. Omitting the example can lead to an incomplete inference, making the reasoning less robust.
4. Middle Term (Hetu): The reason or the basis of the inference.
5. Major Term (Sadhya): The predicate or conclusion that is being proved.