Fred Riggs developed ideal models to analyse the administrative systems of different countries. Choose the correct ones from the following. 
A. Fused 
B. Focussed 
C. Prismatic 
D. Rainbow 
E. Diffracted 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

Fred W. Riggs, a renowned scholar in comparative public administration, developed models to analyze the administrative systems of different countries, primarily focusing on societies transitioning from traditional to modern. His key models are:
· Fused: Represents traditional societies where administrative and political functions are undifferentiated.
· Prismatic: Describes transitional societies exhibiting a mix of both traditional and modern features.
· Diffracted: Refers to modern societies where there is a clear differentiation of functions. The terms Focussed and Rainbow do not belong to Riggs' framework.
Information Booster:
1. Fred Riggs emphasized the role of societal structures in influencing administrative systems.
2. The Fused-Prismatic-Diffracted model is central to his analysis of developing societies.
3. Riggs used the term Sala Model to describe the administrative pattern found in prismatic societies, focusing on their hybrid nature.
4. Prismatic societies are characterized by heterogeneity, overlapping roles, and institutional formalism.
5. Diffracted societies exhibit clear specialization of functions and roles, typical of modern administrative systems.
6. Fused societies lack institutional specialization, and traditional norms dominate administrative functions.
Additional Knowledge:
· Fused: Found in highly traditional societies, where there is little to no role differentiation between administrative and political structures.
· Prismatic: A term coined by Riggs to describe societies in a transitional phase, displaying both traditional and modern elements. These societies are often chaotic and suffer from corruption due to institutional overlaps.
· Diffracted: Represents advanced societies where there is a well-defined separation of functions between political and administrative systems.
· Focussed: This term is not part of Riggs' model but could mistakenly suggest some type of administrative concentration.
· Rainbow: Not relevant in Riggs’ model and might imply a diversity of systems but does not fit within his theoretical framework.