Formation of alternative conceptions among the children-

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) Are a natural occurrence not only among the children but also by adults.
Alternative conceptions, often referred to as misconceptions, arise when learners try to make sense of the world around them based on their prior knowledge and experiences. These are common in both children and adults and should not be discouraged or ignored. Instead, they should be addressed through guided learning to help students refine their understanding. Teachers play a crucial role in identifying these misconceptions and facilitating conceptual change.

Information Booster:

• Misconceptions as Learning Opportunities: Misconceptions provide insight into students' thought processes and can be starting points for deeper learning.
• Constructivist Approach: Emphasizes building on prior knowledge, even if it includes misconceptions.
• Conceptual Change: Teachers can guide students through discussions, experiments, and questioning to correct alternative conceptions.
• Role of Teachers: Encourage open communication and critical thinking rather than dismissing or discouraging misconceptions.
• Reflective Learning: Helps students compare their ideas with scientifically accurate concepts.

Additional Knowledge:

• (a) Strongly discouraged: Discouraging alternative conceptions can stifle curiosity and prevent students from exploring their understanding.
• (b) Ignored: Ignoring misconceptions can reinforce incorrect ideas, as students might continue to rely on flawed reasoning.
• (c) Natural occurrence: Alternative conceptions are part of the learning process, reflecting how students actively construct knowledge.
• (d) Indicative of low comprehension: Misconceptions do not necessarily indicate low mental ability but rather the complexity of learning and conceptual development.