Assertion (A): Due to these experiments (Time, Motion and Fatigue Studies) a factory does not remain a factory, it is converted into a laboratory.
Reasoning (R): Management succeeds or fails as human relations in business are intelligently or unintelligently handled.
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Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the right explanation of (A).
Assertion (A) refers to Scientific Management, pioneered by F.W. Taylor. By applying time, motion, and fatigue studies, Taylor transformed the shop floor into a "laboratory" where work was analyzed through observation and measurement rather than "rule of thumb."
Reasoning (R) reflects the Human Relations Movement (associated with Elton Mayo), which argues that organizational success depends on social factors and human psychology. While both statements are true pillars of management history, (R) describes a behavioral approach that is philosophically distinct from—and often a critique of—the mechanical "laboratory" approach in (A). Therefore, (R) does not explain (A).
Information Booster
· Scientific Management: Focuses on efficiency, standardization, and the "one best way" to perform a task.
· Human Relations: Focuses on employee morale, informal groups, and social satisfaction at work.
· Fatigue Studies: Aimed at determining the optimal number of rest pauses to maintain high productivity.
· The "Laboratory" Concept: Implies that management is an objective science based on empirical data and experimentation.