Correct option is A
Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are true, and the Reason (R) correctly explains the Assertion (A).
Assertion (A): "Admission is only prima facie proof" is true. In legal proceedings, an admission is considered prima facie evidence of the facts admitted. This means that an admission is accepted as evidence of a fact unless disproved or rebutted by other evidence. It is not conclusive proof on its own, but it shifts the burden of proof to the party who made the admission to disprove it if they wish to contest it.
Reason (R): "Admission is not a conclusive proof but it may operate as an estoppel" is also true. An admission, while not conclusive, can indeed operate as an estoppel under certain circumstances. Estoppel is a legal principle that prevents a party from contradicting something they have previously admitted or asserted if another party has relied upon that admission to their detriment. This means that while admissions are not final proof of a fact, they can still prevent a party from denying the truth of the admitted fact under the doctrine of estoppel.
Information Booster
Prima Facie Proof: In legal terms, "prima facie" means "on the face of it" or "at first glance." When something is described as prima facie evidence, it means that the evidence is sufficient to establish a fact or raise a presumption unless it is rebutted or contradicted. Admissions are considered prima facie evidence because they initially establish the facts admitted but are open to challenge and rebuttal.
Estoppel: The doctrine of estoppel prevents a person from going back on their word or denying something they have previously stated or agreed to, particularly if someone else has relied on that statement or agreement. In the context of admissions, if a party has admitted to something and another party has relied on that admission, the admitting party may be estopped from later denying it.
Additional Knowledge
· Conclusive Proof vs. Prima Facie Proof: Conclusive proof is evidence that cannot be contradicted or disproven, whereas prima facie proof is evidence that is presumed to be true unless disproven. Admissions fall into the category of prima facie proof, as they are not conclusive and can be contested.
· Role of Admissions in Civil and Criminal Cases: Admissions play a significant role in both civil and criminal cases. In civil cases, admissions can simplify the litigation process by narrowing the issues in dispute. In criminal cases, admissions by a defendant can be powerful evidence against them, but such admissions must be made voluntarily and with full knowledge of the implications.
