Agarose extracted from seaweed is used in____________

Correct option is B

Agarose, extracted from seaweed, is widely used in gel electrophoresis for the separation of DNA, RNA, and proteins due to its gel-forming properties.
Agarose is a natural polysaccharide derived from agar, a substance extracted from red algae (Rhodophyceae).
Chemical Composition:
Composed of repeating units of agarobiose ( a disaccharide made up of D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactopyranose).
Physical Properties:
Forms a gel when dissolved in hot water and cooled.
High gel strength even at low concentrations, making it suitable for gel electrophoresis.
Uses in Biotechnology:
Gel Electrophoresis:
Widely used in separating DNA, RNA, and proteins based on size.
DNA fragments migrate through agarose gels under an electric field.
Molecular Biology:
For DNA purification and recovery.
Analysis of PCR products and restriction enzyme digests.
Chromatography:
Used in gel filtration and affinity chromatography.
Concentration and Pore Size:
The concentration of agarose affects pore size:
Low concentrations (0.5–1%) are used for separating large DNA fragments.
High concentrations (2–3%) are used for smaller DNA fragments or oligonucleotides.