According to Piaget’s cognitive theory of development, the learner’s system of mental operations has reached a high degree of equilibrium. This stage is -

Correct option is A

According to Jean Piaget's cognitive theory of development, the stage where the learner’s system of mental operations reaches a high degree of equilibrium is known as the formal operational stage. This stage, which typically emerges around the age of 12, is characterized by the ability to think abstractly, logically, and systematically. Learners at this stage are capable of reasoning about hypothetical situations, thinking about possibilities, and dealing with abstract concepts.
Information Booster:
1. Formal operational stage represents the highest level of cognitive development according to Piaget, where the individual can engage in abstract thinking and use deductive reasoning.
2. In this stage, individuals can perform operations on abstract concepts without relying on concrete experiences. They are capable of systematic problem-solving and can contemplate hypothetical situations.
3. Equilibrium in Piaget’s theory refers to the balance between assimilation (incorporating new information into existing mental structures) and accommodation (adjusting mental structures to fit new information). The formal operational stage achieves a higher level of equilibrium in this respect.
4. Cognitive flexibility and the ability to engage in hypothetical-deductive reasoning are key features of the formal operational thinker.
5. The pre-operational stage (2-7 years) is marked by symbolic thinking but lacks the logical operations seen in later stages.
6. Concrete operational stage (7-11 years) involves the development of logical thinking but is still grounded in concrete experiences, with limitations in abstract reasoning.
7. The sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) is the initial phase where infants develop object permanence and basic motor skills but lack abstract thinking.