Abraham Maslow’s theory of needs in the hierarchy consists of:

A. Physiological needs
B. Esteem needs
C. Security needs
D. Self-actualisation needs
E. Spiritual needs

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology that describes the stages of human needs. The five stages of needs in Maslow's hierarchy are:

A. Physiological needs: These are the most basic needs such as food, water, sleep, and air.

B. Esteem needs: These are needs related to respect, self-esteem, and the esteem of others.

C. Security needs: These are needs related to safety, security, and stability in life.

D. Self-actualisation needs: This refers to the realization of one’s full potential and personal growth.

E. Spiritual needs: This is not a part of Maslow’s original hierarchy. Maslow's hierarchy stops at self-actualization, and spiritual needs were not specifically defined in his theory.

Maslow's hierarchy follows a pyramid-like structure, where lower needs (physiological, security) must be satisfied before higher needs (esteem, self-actualization) can be addressed.

Information booster :

Physiological Needs: These are the basic needs for survival such as food, water, shelter, and warmth. They form the base of the pyramid.

Security Needs: Once physiological needs are met, individuals seek security, which includes physical safety, financial security, health, and stability in relationships.

Esteem Needs: These needs relate to recognition, respect, and feelings of accomplishment. Both self-esteem and the esteem of others are included here.

Self-Actualization Needs: At the top of the pyramid, these needs involve realizing one’s full potential, pursuing personal growth, and becoming the best version of oneself.

Spiritual Needs: While not formally included in Maslow's hierarchy, spiritual needs can sometimes be considered as a part of self-actualization in more recent interpretations of Maslow's theory.

Additional Information:

Maslow’s Hierarchy: Maslow proposed that individuals must fulfill basic needs before moving on to higher levels of the hierarchy. He believed that self-actualization could only be pursued once lower-level needs were sufficiently met.

The Theory's Impact: Maslow’s work has had a significant influence on psychology, education, and management, shaping how we understand human motivation and personal development.