Who said that language is a system of signs whose parts can and must be considered in their synchronic solidarity?

Correct option is A

Ferdinand de Saussure, often referred to as the father of modern linguistics, proposed that language is a structured system of signs. He emphasized that its components should be studied synchronically, meaning at a particular point in time, rather than diachronically (across historical changes). His focus on synchronic study laid the foundation for structuralism in linguistics, distinguishing his view of language as a system of interrelated elements.
Information Booster:
1. Signifier and Signified: Saussure introduced the concept of language as composed of signifiers (sound/image) and signifieds (concept).
2. Structuralism Foundation: His ideas influenced the structuralist movement across disciplines, beyond just linguistics.
3. Linguistic Relativity: Saussure's theory underscored how linguistic systems shape human perception of reality.
Additional Information:
· (b) Bloomfield: Key figure in behaviorist linguistics, focusing on language as a learned behavior.
· (c) Roman Jakobson: Known for his communication model and phonological studies.
· (d) Sigmund Freud: Developed psychoanalysis, not related to structural linguistics.