Who has propounded the term “neo-tribes” in the context of small grouping of people who voluntarily band together on the basis of shared musical tastes, ideas, consumer preferences and so on?

Correct option is D

 Maffesoli

The term "neo-tribes" was coined by the French sociologist Michel Maffesoli. He used it to describe the post-modern form of social groupings, which are not based on traditional kinship or class but rather on shared tastes, experiences, and lifestyle choices. These groups are fluid, often short-term, and based on personal affinities such as music, fashion, and culture.