Correct option is A
Fischer
Claude S. Fischer, in his “Subcultural Theory of Urbanism” (1975), argued that urban environments promote the growth of diverse subcultures rather than dissolving individuality into a uniform mass. His perspective challenged the earlier views of Louis Wirth, who suggested that urban life leads to social disorganization and impersonal interactions.
Fischer's theory states that cities provide a setting for social differentiation, where individuals with similar interests come together to form subcultures, leading to a rich and varied social fabric. He demonstrated that urban life encourages cultural specialization, group identity, and innovation, fostering new ideas and lifestyles rather than erasing differences.
Information Booster:
- Claude S. Fischer’s "Subcultural Theory of Urbanism" (1975) countered the idea that urbanization leads to a loss of individuality.
- Urban areas create specialized environments where diverse groups thrive and reinforce their cultural identities.
- Greater population density increases social interactions, encouraging the development of distinct subcultures.
- Cities are hubs of innovation, where cultural expressions flourish due to constant interaction between different groups.
- Unlike Wirth’s theory, which suggested urban anonymity, Fischer showed that urbanization strengthens group identities.
- His work influenced modern urban sociology, demonstrating how cities serve as incubators for subcultural diversity and social change.
Additional Information:
- David Harvey: A Marxist geographer who analyzed the economic and political implications of urbanization and capitalism.
- Manuel Castells: A sociologist known for his work on network society and how cities influence technological and economic transformations.
- Louis Wirth: Developed the Urbanism as a Way of Life (1938) theory, arguing that urbanization leads to impersonal relationships and social alienation.
English
10 Questions
20 Marks
12 Mins
