Correct option is D
The correct answer is: (d) Transverse wave
Explanation:
When a stretched string (like a guitar or violin string) is plucked or disturbed, the wave that travels along it is a transverse wave.
In a transverse wave, the particles of the medium (string) move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
The vibrations of the string go up and down, while the wave energy moves horizontally along the string.
This behavior is characteristic of strings under tension and is a foundational concept in wave mechanics.
Transverse waves have crests and troughs.
Examples: Light waves, ripples on water, and vibrations on a stretched string.
The speed of a transverse wave on a string depends on the tension and the mass per unit length of the string.
Standing waves (stationary waves) on strings are formed by superposition of two opposite transverse waves.
Only transverse waves can be polarized.
Transverse waves do not require a medium in the case of electromagnetic waves, but string vibrations do.
Electromagnetic wave: These are transverse but do not require a medium; found in light, radio, etc., not applicable to string vibrations.
Surface wave: These occur at the interface of two media, like water waves, and involve both longitudinal and transverse motion.
Torsional wave: Involves twisting motion around the axis, seen in rods or shafts — not typically seen in strings.
