Which state had the highest multidimensional poverty index according to the National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023?​

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (B) Bihar.

Explanation:

• Bihar recorded the highest Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) value in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023, with a headcount ratio of 33.76%. This indicates that a significant portion of Bihar’s population experiences deprivation in multiple dimensions such as health, education, and standard of living.

• Uttar Pradesh had a headcount ratio of 22.93%, placing it below Bihar in terms of multidimensional poverty.

• Madhya Pradesh had a headcount ratio of 20.63%, indicating a lower level of multidimensional poverty compared to Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

• Rajasthan had a headcount ratio of 15.31%, making it one of the states with relatively lower multidimensional poverty compared to Bihar.

Information Booster:

• The National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a tool used to measure poverty beyond income. It takes into account various dimensions of poverty such as health, education, and standard of living.

• The MPI uses 12 indicators to assess poverty, including factors such as nutrition, child mortality, school attendance, and sanitation.

• Bihar’s high MPI reflects deep-rooted challenges in areas like nutrition, education, and healthcare, and highlights the need for comprehensive policies to address these issues.

History and Facts:

• The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was first introduced in 2010 by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

• The index was adopted in India under the National MPI framework, which was launched by the NITI Aayog in 2021. The National MPI is a significant tool to assess the progress of poverty reduction efforts in India.

• The MPI is considered more effective than income-based poverty measures, as it accounts for deprivations in health, education, and living standards, which are crucial to understanding the real extent of poverty.