Which ruler regained his lost kingdom by 1555 after defeating Sher Shah Suri's successors, thereby marking the end of the Second Afghan Empire?​

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (D) Humayun.

Explanation:

• Humayun, the second Mughal emperor, regained his lost kingdom in 1555 after defeating the successors of Sher Shah Suri in a series of battles.

• Humayun had been ousted from the throne in 1540 by Sher Shah Suri, who established the Suri Empire, also known as the Second Afghan Empire.

• After Sher Shah Suri's death in 1545, the empire weakened under his successors, providing an opportunity for Humayun to recapture his kingdom.

• Humayun's victory in the Battle of Sirhind in 1555 marked the end of the Second Afghan Empire and the restoration of Mughal rule in India.

• Humayun's son, Akbar, later established the Mughal Empire as one of the most powerful dynasties in Indian history.

Information Booster:

• Sher Shah Suri (r. 1540–1545) was a strong and effective ruler who expanded his empire and implemented reforms, but his death led to the collapse of the Suri Empire.

• Humayun's exile: After being defeated in 1540, Humayun spent years in Persia (Iran), where he received military support to reclaim his throne.

• Battle of Sirhind (1555): This battle was decisive for Humayun, as it allowed him to defeat the forces of Adil Shah Suri, the last of Sher Shah's successors.

• Humayun's reign was short after his return, as he died in 1556, but he laid the groundwork for his son, Akbar, to build a strong Mughal Empire.

Additional Information:

• Option A: Muhammad bin Tughluq was a ruler of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century, long before the period of Humayun and Sher Shah Suri.

• Option B: Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire and Humayun's father, but he did not regain the kingdom lost to the Afghans.

• Option C: Aurangzeb was a later Mughal emperor in the 17th century and had no role in regaining the Mughal throne from the Afghans.