Correct option is D
Correct answer is (D) Ions move in first by active transport, followed by water along the concentration gradient.
Water moves from the soil, where the water potential is higher, into the root cells where the water potential is lower due to the presence of dissolved ions.
This movement occurs along the concentration gradient (from high to low water potential .
Thus, the correct sequence is:
- Ions Movement: Ions such as potassium (K+), nitrates (NO₃⁻), calcium (Ca²⁺), and others are absorbed from the soil into the root cells by active transport. This requires energy because ions are transported against their concentration gradient (from lower concentration in the soil to higher concentration inside the root cells).
- Water Movement: Once the ions are actively transported into the root cells, the water follows by osmosis (a type of passive transport).
Information Booster :
Active Transport of Ions:
· Requires energy (ATP) to move ions against their concentration gradient.
· Ion pumps (like the ATPase pump) are involved in this process.
Osmosis of Water:
· Water follows the ions by osmosis, moving from areas of high water potential to areas of low water potential.
Overall Movement:
· This creates a concentration gradient that facilitates the flow of water into the root cells, supporting nutrient uptake and maintaining cell turgidity.
· Additional Information:
· Passive Transport: Involves movement down the concentration gradient, and no energy is required. Osmosis is a type of passive transport for water.
· Active Transport: Involves movement against the concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP, such as in the transport of ions like potassium and sodium.
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