​Which one of the following boycotted the First Round Table Conference convened by the British Government during freedom movement in India in November 1930 ?​

Correct option is B

The Indian National Congress boycotted the First Round Table Conference(November 1930 – January 1931) because it was launched during the Civil Disobedience Movement, and most of its leaders were in jail.

Other groups, including the Muslim League, the Hindu Mahasabha , and representatives of princely states, did participate in the conference.​

Information Booster :

The First Round Table Conference was held in London from November 1930 to January 1931 as part of British efforts to discuss constitutional reforms for India. However, the Indian National Congress boycotted the conference. Here’s why:

Reason for Congress Boycott:
1. Civil Disobedience Movement (1930):
The Congress, under Mahatma Gandhi, was leading a nationwide Non-Cooperation Movement and Salt Satyagraha against British rule.
Many top leaders, including Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Vallabhbhai Patel, were arrested and in jail during this time.
Demand for Complete Independence (Purna Swaraj):
In January 1930, the Congress had declared Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) as its goal.
The British government, however, was only offering dominion status (self-rule within the British Empire), which the Congress rejected.

2. No Prior Agreement on Terms:
The British did not guarantee that the Conference would lead to full independence, so the Congress saw no point in participating.

Who Attended the Conference ?
1. Muslim League (led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah)
2. Hindu Mahasabha (led by B.S. Moonje)
3. Princes of Indian Princely States
4. Depressed Classes (represented by B.R. Ambedkar)
5. Liberals ( like Tej Bahadur Sapru and M.R. Jayakar)

Outcome:
Since the Congress (the largest nationalist group) was absent, the discussions lacked legitimacy among Indians.
The British later realized they needed Congress participation, leading to the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931) and Congress joining the Second Round Table Conference (1931).