Which one among the following is true in the context of enthalpy (H), internal energy (U), pressure (P), and volume (V) of a thermodynamic system?

Correct option is B

Explanation:
In thermodynamics, enthalpy (H) is defined as the sum of the internal energy (U) of a system and the product of its pressure (P) and volume (V). The relationship can be mathematically expressed as:
H=U+PV
This equation is particularly useful in processes occurring at constant pressure, as it simplifies the analysis of heat transfer and energy changes.
· Statement (a) is incorrect: It suggests subtracting the product of pressure and volume from internal energy, which does not conform to the definition of enthalpy.
· Statement (b) is correct: It accurately reflects the definition of enthalpy in thermodynamics.
· Statement (c) is incorrect: This equation does not relate to the standard definition of enthalpy in thermodynamic contexts.
· Statement (d) is incorrect: Similar to statement (c), this equation does not represent the relationship of enthalpy with internal energy, pressure, and volume.
Information Booster:
· Enthalpy is a state function used to measure the total energy of a thermodynamic system.
· The unit of enthalpy is Joules (J) in the International System of Units (SI).
· Enthalpy changes are important in various processes, such as chemical reactions, phase changes, and heat transfer processes.
· The equation H=U+PV. shows that enthalpy incorporates both internal energy and the work done by the system due to volume changes against external pressure.
· At constant pressure, the change in enthalpy equals the heat added or removed from the system, facilitating calculations in calorimetry.
· Enthalpy is particularly useful in studying processes like combustion, where heat exchange is significant.
Additional Information:
· Option (a): Incorrect, as it misrepresents the relationship between internal energy, pressure, and volume.
· Option (b): Correct, since it correctly defines enthalpy as H=U+PV.
· Option (c): Incorrect, as it does not represent a recognized thermodynamic equation.
· Option (d): Incorrect, as it incorrectly asserts a relationship that does not apply to enthalpy.