Which of the following two cell organelles have their own genetic material ?

Correct option is C

The Correct answer is (c) Mitochondria and plastids. Both mitochondria and plastids (like chloroplasts) have their own genetic material, separate from the DNA found in the cell’s nucleus. These organelles are involved in energy production and photosynthesis, respectively, and their DNA enables them to replicate independently of the cell’s main genetic material. This unique characteristic supports the widely accepted endosymbiotic theory, which suggests that mitochondria and plastids were once free-living organisms that were absorbed by ancient cells.

Information Booster:

• Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP.

• Plastids, such as chloroplasts, are found in plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis.

• Both mitochondria and plastids have double membranes, which is another sign of their evolutionary origin as independent organisms.

• The DNA in these organelles is circular, similar to the DNA found in bacteria.

• Mitochondria and plastids replicate through a process similar to bacterial fission, supporting the theory of their ancient bacterial origins.

• These organelles are passed down maternally, meaning that the mitochondria in your cells are inherited from your mother.