Which of the following statements is correct about the class?

Correct option is A

A class in object-oriented programming (OOP) serves as a blueprint for creating objects. An object is an instance of a class, meaning it is a concrete realization of the structure and behavior defined within the class.
When a class is defined, no memory is allocated until an object of that class is created. The object represents a specific entity with attributes (data members) and behaviors (methods) as described in the class.
Example in C++:
class Car {
public:
string brand;
int speed;
};
int main() {
Car myCar; // 'myCar' is an instance (object) of the 'Car' class
myCar.brand = "Toyota";
myCar.speed = 120;
return 0;
}
Here, Car is a class, and myCar is an object (instance) of the Car class.
Since an object is an instance of its class, option (a) is correct.
Important Key Points:
1. Definition of a Class and Object: A class defines properties and behaviors, while an object represents a real-world entity based on that class.
2. Class vs. Object Relationship:
· A class acts as a template, and objects are created from it.
· Example: class Car defines what a car is, while Car myCar; creates a specific car.
3. Memory Allocation:
· A class does not consume memory until an object is instantiated.
· An object gets memory allocated for all its attributes when created.
4. Object as an Instance: An object is a concrete realization of the class structure and can hold different values in different instances.
5. Example in Python:
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
dog = Animal("Bulldog") # 'dog' is an object of class 'Animal'
· Here, dog is an instance of the class Animal.
6. Real-Life Analogy: A class is like a blueprint for a house, and objects are the actual houses built using that blueprint.
Knowledge Booster:
· A class is an instance of its object: Incorrect because a class defines an object, but it is not itself an instance.
· An object is the instance of the data type of that class: Objects belong to a class type, but they do not instantiate a "data type"—they instantiate a class.