Which of the following statements best describes the role of RAM and ROM in a computer system?

Correct option is B

Correct Answer: (B) ROM is used to store system firmware, while RAM stores temporary data for active processes.

Explanation:

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is a volatile memory, meaning it loses its data when the power is turned off. It is used for temporarily storing data that is actively used by the CPU, such as data for running programs and processes.
• ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile, meaning it retains its data even when the power is off. It is used to store firmware (permanent system software like BIOS or boot-up instructions), which is essential for the computer's initial startup and operation.

Information Booster:

• RAM provides fast access to data and is crucial for the performance of a computer, allowing active programs to run efficiently.
• ROM contains critical instructions needed for booting and functioning, which typically cannot be altered or only modified rarely (e.g., via BIOS updates).

Other Options:

• A is incorrect because ROM does not store permanent files or operating systems; RAM is where active processes and temporary data are stored.
• C is incorrect because ROM typically stores fixed data (firmware), and RAM is used for temporary, dynamic data.
• D is incorrect because RAM is volatile, and ROM is non-volatile.