Which of the following statements about the process of evaporation is correct?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Liquid state changes to gaseous state

Explanation:

• Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase.

• Unlike boiling, evaporation is a surface phenomenon and can occur at temperatures below the boiling point of the liquid.

• Particles at the surface of the liquid gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the forces of attraction from other particles and escape into the air as vapor (gas).

• According to NCERT Class 9 Science, evaporation causes cooling because the particles absorb energy (latent heat of vaporization) from the surroundings to change their state.

Information Booster:

• Factors affecting evaporation:

  • Surface Area: Increasing the surface area increases the rate of evaporation (e.g., spreading clothes to dry).

  • Temperature: Higher temperatures provide more kinetic energy, speeding up the process.

  • Humidity: Higher humidity in the air decreases the rate of evaporation.

  • Wind Speed: Increased wind speed moves vapor particles away, increasing the rate.

Additional Knowledge:Fluid state changes to solid state (Option a) * This process is known as Freezing or Solidification (e.g., water turning into ice).

Gaseous state changes to a fluid state (Option b) * This process is known as Condensation (e.g., dew forming on grass or water droplets on a cold glass).

Solid state changes to liquid state (Option c) * This process is known as Melting or Fusion (e.g., ice melting into water).

Direct transition from solid to gas: * This is called Sublimation (e.g., camphor or dry ice disappearing without becoming liquid).