Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding the Round Table Conferences held from 1930 to 1932?
(a) The Round Table Conferences were held to discuss Constitutional Reforms and India's future government under British rule.
(b) Mahatma Gandhi attended only the Second Round Table Conference in 1931.​

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Both (a) and (b)

• Statement (a) is correct: The Round Table Conferences (1930–1932) were organized by the British Government to discuss constitutional reforms in India and the future framework of governance, following the Simon Commission recommendations.

• Statement (b) is also correct: Mahatma Gandhi attended only the Second Round Table Conference in 1931 as the sole representative of the Indian National Congress, after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in March 1931.

• First Round Table Conference: Held from November 1930 to January 1931; Congress boycotted it.

• Second Round Table Conference: Held from September to December 1931; Gandhi participated representing the Congress.

• Third Round Table Conference: Held from November to December 1932; Congress did not participate.

• The Conferences were held in London, initiated by British PM Ramsay MacDonald.

• These conferences led to the drafting of the Government of India Act, 1935.

• The Gandhi-Irwin Pact led to the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement and allowed Gandhi to attend the Second RTC.

• Other Indian leaders, like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, represented various groups in multiple RTCs.

• The failure of the Round Table Conferences was largely due to differences between Indian groups and British reluctance to offer real autonomy.