Which of the following pairs of reform organisations and their founders is correctly matched?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is: C. Satya Shodhak Samaj – Jyotiba Phule.

Explanation:

• Satya Shodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1873 with the goal of fighting social discrimination and promoting the rights of lower castes, particularly the Dalits.
• Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828, not by Dayanand Saraswati. Dayanand Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875.
• Bahujan Samaj Party was founded on the birth anniversary of B. R. Ambedkar (14 April 1984) by Kanshi Ram, who named former school teacher, Mayawati, as his successor of BSP in 2001
  
  

Information Booster:

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy:
• Founder of the Brahmo Samaj (1828).
• A pioneer of modern education and a staunch critic of social ills like Sati, idolatry, and caste rigidity.
• He was the earliest propagator of monotheism in Hinduism and contributed to Indian journalism through Sambad Kaumudi and Mirat-ul-Akhbar.
• He emphasized the use of human reason to decide the validity of religious practices.
• His Brahmo Samaj was based on the teachings of the Vedas and Upanishads, promoting a belief in one God.
• Associates: David Hare, Dwarkanath Tagore, Prasanna Kumar Tagore, and others.
• Devendranath Tagore:
• He founded the Tattvabodhini Sabha in 1839, which worked to propagate Rammohun Roy's ideas.
• Tattvabodhini Patrika was its organ that aimed to spread a rational outlook among Bengal’s intellectuals.
• Under his leadership, Brahmo Samaj was reorganized in 1843.
• He supported widow remarriage, women’s education, abolition of polygamy, and the improvement of ryots (peasants).
• Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar:
• He worked towards female emancipation and supported the Widows’ Remarriage Act (1856).
• Vidyasagar played a pivotal role in legalizing widow remarriages in India.
• He also advocated for women's education and established Bethune School (1849), the first permanent girls’ school in India.
• He made significant contributions to Bengali literature and language, influencing modern prose style.
• Young Bengal Movement:
• Led by Henry Vivian Derozio, it was a radical trend in Bengal from the late 1820s to the 1830s.
• The movement was centered around liberty, equality, and freedom, with an emphasis on critical thinking.
• The Derozians advocated for women's rights, education, and public issues like trial by jury and freedom of the press.
• Their ideas, though progressive, were ahead of their time, and they faced failure in making a broad social impact.
• Brahmo Samaj:
• Founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and later expanded by Keshub Chandra Sen, who radicalized its activities.
• Promoted monotheism, rejected idolatry, and called for social reforms like widow remarriage and women’s rights.
• The Samaj was divided into Adi Brahmo Samaj (led by Devendranath Tagore) and the Brahmo Samaj of India (led by Keshub Chandra Sen) after 1866.
• The movement laid stress on human reason as a guiding principle to determine the validity of religious practices.