Which of the following occurs when small defects in the muscle of the wall of the large intestine or colon allow small pockets or pouches to form?

Correct option is B

Ans: (b) Diverticulosis Sol. Diverticulosis is a condition in which small pouches or pockets (called diverticula) form in the wall of the large intestine or colon. These pockets occur when weak spots in the muscle layer of the colon allow small bulges to form. Diverticulosis itself often does not cause symptoms but can lead to more serious conditions like diverticulitis if the pouches become inflamed or infected.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Hepatitis C: Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver, leading to inflammation and damage to liver cells. It is not related to the formation of pouches in the colon.
· (c) Peptic ulcer disease: Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the inner lining of the stomach or the duodenum (part of the small intestine). They are typically caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori or the long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), not by defects in the colon.
· (d) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): GERD is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation. It does not involve the formation of pouches in the colon.