Which of the following musicians of medieval India is referred to as ‘Tuti-e-Hind’ and is also regarded as the father of qawwali?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Amir Khusrau.
· Amir Khusrau (1253-1325) was a prolific Persian poet, musician, and scholar of medieval India.
· Often referred to as 'Tuti-e-Hind' (the Parrot of India) due to his eloquence and prolific literary output, Khusrau is also considered the father of qawwali, a form of Sufi devotional music.
· He was a disciple of the Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya and played a crucial role in integrating Persian, Arabic, Turkish, and Indian cultural elements.
· Khusrau's contributions to Indian classical music include the introduction of new ragas and the development of musical forms such as qawwali and khayal.
· He is also credited with the invention of several musical instruments, including the sitar and tabla.
Facts to remember:
· Miyan Tansen (c. 1500-1586) was one of the most famous musicians in Indian history and a prominent figure in the court of Mughal Emperor Akbar.
· Purandara Dasa (1484-1564) is considered the father of Carnatic music.
· A saint and a composer, he systematized the teaching of Carnatic music and introduced the method of graded learning, which is still followed today.
· Swami Haridas (1478-1573) was a revered saint, poet, and musician from the Bhakti movement.
· He was the guru of Tansen and is known for his devotional compositions dedicated to Lord Krishna.