Which of the following is related with in situ moisture conservation?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (C) Mulching

Explanation:
• In situ moisture conservation refers to techniques that increase the soil's ability to retain rainwater at the spot where it falls, reducing runoff and evaporation.
• Mulching involves covering the soil surface with organic materials (like straw, crop residues, or dry leaves) or synthetic materials (like plastic sheets).
• How it works: The mulch layer acts as a physical barrier that reduces evaporation from the soil surface, regulates soil temperature, and increases water infiltration by preventing the soil from forming a crust when it rains.
• Other in situ methods include summer plowing, contour bunding, and compartmental bunding.

Information Booster:
• Mulching also helps in controlling weed growth by blocking sunlight.
• Organic mulches eventually decompose and improve soil organic matter content and fertility.
• In dryland agriculture, mulching is one of the most cost-effective ways to manage limited water resources.

Additional Knowledge:
• Fertigation (Option A): The application of fertilizers through an irrigation system (usually drip irrigation).
• Weeding (Option B): The removal of unwanted plants (weeds) that compete with crops for moisture and nutrients.
• Seeding (Option D): The process of sowing seeds in the ground.