Correct option is A
Constituents of paint:
1. Base:
• It is a metallic oxide which is the principal constituent of a paint. It makes the paint film
opaque & processes binding properties which reduce the shrinkage cracks in the film on drying.
• Example:- White lead, Red lead, Zinc oxide, Iron oxide, etc 2. Vehicle or drying oils:
• The vehicle is the liquid substance that holds the ingredients of paint in liquid
suspension. They are required mainly for two reasons:
• To make it possible to spread the paint evenly and uniformly on the surface in the
form of a thin layer.
• To provide a binder for the ingredients of paint so that they may stick or adhere to the
surface
• Example:- Linseed oil, Tung oil, Poppy oil, Nut oil, etc
3. Extenders or fillers:
• The function of the addition of filler in paint is that it improves the properties of the
paint and mainly reduces the cost. The main purpose is to increase pigment volume
concentration.
• Example:- Gypsum, Calcium carbonate, Aluminium silicate, Magnesium silicate, Talc,
Diatomite, etc
4. Thinners or solvents:
• It is a volatile solvent, which is often added
to paint which helps to adjust the consistency of the paint.
• Solvents of oil paints are used to thin the paints and increase the spread.
• Example:- Turpentine, White spirit, Naptha, Benzine, Petroleum, etc
5. Drier:
• The main function of a drier is to increase the drying power of the vehicle. They act as
oxygen-carrying catalysts.
• Example:- Litharge, Red lead, Sulphate of manganese, etc
6. Plasticizer: They remain permanently in paints and varnishes. They improve the
elasticity of the paint film which prevents cracking of the film.
