Which of the following hormones are associated with lactation?
A. Gastrin

B. Prolactin

C. Oxytocin

D. Secretin

E. Insulin
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is A

Prolactin and Oxytocin are the hormones associated with lactation.
· Prolactin is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and is primarily responsible for stimulating the production of milk after childbirth. It ensures that the mammary glands are capable of synthesizing milk to nourish the infant.
· Oxytocin, also released by the pituitary gland, plays a crucial role in the milk ejection reflex, often referred to as the " let-down" reflex. Oxytocin causes the contraction of smooth muscle cells around the milk-producing alveoli in the breast, allowing milk to be released through the ducts to the nipple during breastfeeding.
Information Booster:
· Prolactin is the key hormone for milk synthesis. Its levels rise during pregnancy and peak after delivery. The hormone works by stimulating the alveoli (milk-producing cells) in the breast. Without prolactin, the breast tissue cannot produce milk, regardless of how much the infant suckles.
· Oxytocin is responsible for facilitating the release of milk from the mammary glands. After prolactin has stimulated milk production, oxytocin is released when the baby suckles, making the milk available to the infant. This process also facilitates bonding between the mother and the child.
Additional Knowledge:
· Gastrin is involved in the digestive system, primarily regulating the secretion of gastric acid, which helps in the digestion of food. It does not play a role in lactation, as it has no connection to the production or release of milk.
· Secretin regulates the secretion of pancreatic juices and bile during digestion, contributing to the breakdown of food in the small intestine. Like gastrin, secretin does not affect lactation, making it irrelevant in this context.
· Insulin regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells. While insulin is important for overall metabolic function, it does not directly influence the process of milk production or ejection. It is crucial for the general health of the mother but not for lactation specifically.