Which of the following falls under experimental study?

Correct option is D

Ans. (d) Sol. The correct answer is (d) Clinical trial.
A clinical trial is an experimental study where researchers actively intervene by administering treatments or interventions to a group of participants to assess their effects on health outcomes. This type of study is used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new medications, procedures, or therapies.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Cross-sectional study: This is an observational study where data is collected at one point in time to assess the prevalence of a condition or disease in a population. It does not involve experimental intervention.
· (b) Case report and case series: These are descriptive studies that describe individual or groups of patients with a particular disease or condition. They do not involve experiments or controlled interventions.
· (c) Correlation/ecological study: These studies examine the relationships between variables across different groups or populations but do not involve experimental manipulation of variables.
· (d) Clinical trial: Correct answer. Clinical trials are experimental studies in which researchers assign treatments or interventions to participants and study their effects on health outcomes. These studies are conducted with a hypothesis and a control group, which distinguishes them from observational studies.
Thus, clinical trials are the experimental studies among the options provided.