Which of the following factors does the acceleration due to gravity on the Earth depend upon?

Correct option is B

• The acceleration due to gravity on the Earth's surface primarily depends on the mass of the Earth and the distance from the center of the Earth (radius). The formula for acceleration due to gravity is given by:

• This means that the acceleration due to gravity depends on the mass of the Earth and the distance from its center, not on the mass, volume, or shape of the object experiencing the gravitational pull.

• The acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately 9.8 m/s² at the surface of the Earth, but it can vary slightly depending on the location (altitude and latitude).
• Mass of the body does not affect the value of g at a given point; all objects experience the same acceleration due to gravity, regardless of their mass (this is why heavier objects do not fall faster than lighter ones in the absence of air resistance).
• The value of g also depends on the altitude (height above sea level) and latitude (distance from the equator). It is weaker at higher altitudes and at the equator due to the Earth's bulging shape.
• The volume and shape of the body do not directly affect the acceleration due to gravity; what matters is the mass of the Earth and the distance from the Earth's center.

• Mass of the body: This does not affect the value of g at a specific location on Earth.
• Volume of the body: The volume is not a factor affecting the acceleration due to gravity.
• Shape and Size: The shape and size of an object do not influence g, though they can affect the object's resistance to air resistance.