Which of the following diseases can be prevented by avoiding the touch of fresh water that may be contaminated with animal urine?

Correct option is D

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection transmitted via contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals, particularly rodents. The bacteria enter the human body through skin abrasions or mucous membranes. Avoiding contact with such water sources, especially during flooding, is a key preventive measure.
Explanation of options: (a) ✘ Japanese encephalitis – A mosquito-borne viral disease, not related to contaminated water. (b) ✘ Hansen's Disease – Also known as leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, not linked to water. (c) ✘ Lymphatic filariasis – Transmitted via mosquito bites, not through contaminated water. (d) ✔ Leptospirosis – Caused by Leptospira bacteria from animal urine-contaminated water.