Which of the following countries had a one-child policy?

Correct option is C

Ans: (c) China Sol. China implemented the one-child policy in 1979 to control its rapidly growing population. The policy restricted most urban couples to having only one child, though there were exceptions based on ethnicity and other factors. The policy was officially phased out in 2016, transitioning to a two-child policy due to concerns over the aging population and gender imbalance.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Japan: Japan has not had a one-child policy. However, Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world, leading to concerns about population decline, but no government-imposed restrictions on family size.
· (b) India: India has not had a one-child policy. India has promoted family planning programs but has never enforced a strict limit on the number of children per family.
· (c) China: Correct answer. China’s one-child policy was enforced to curb population growth and improve living standards, though it faced criticism for its human rights implications. It was replaced by a two-child policy in 2016.
· (d) USA: The USA has never had a one-child policy. There are no government-enforced restrictions on family size in the country.