Which of the following are the status indicators of gender?

I. Sex ratio
II. Education

Correct option is B

Explanation:

The correct answer is "Both I and II." 

Gender status indicators help measure gender equality and disparities in a society. Two of the most significant indicators are:

Sex Ratio 

- The sex ratio represents the number of females per 1,000 males in a population.
- A low sex ratio often indicates gender discrimination, female foeticide, and infanticide.
- It is an essential measure of women’s status and treatment in society.
Example: Countries with a high gender bias often have a declining sex ratio due to son preference.

Education 

- Education is a key factor in determining gender equality.
- Higher literacy and education levels empower women, leading to economic independence, better health, and social status.
Example: Countries with higher female literacy rates tend to have lower gender inequality and higher workforce participation for women.

Together, these indicators reflect societal attitudes toward gender roles, economic opportunities, and human rights.

Information Booster:

Gender Status Indicators:

Gender Development Index (GDI) 

- Measures gender disparities in life expectancy, education, and income.
- Introduced by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Gender Inequality Index (GII) 

- Measures reproductive health, empowerment, and labor market participation.
- A higher GII value indicates greater inequality.

Workforce Participation 

- Measures the percentage of women in the labor force compared to men.
- Indicates economic independence and empowerment.

Health & Nutrition Indicators 

- Includes maternal mortality rate (MMR), anemia prevalence, and access to healthcare.
- Poor health indicators often reflect gender-based neglect.

Political Representation 

- The percentage of women in government and leadership positions.
- Higher participation leads to better policies on women’s rights and welfare.

Legal Rights & Protection 

- Includes laws against domestic violence, workplace discrimination, and access to justice.
- Legal safeguards help ensure gender equality and social progress.