Which of the following are correct statement about Civil Services in Colonial India?
A. Lord Wellesley established College of Fort William in 1800
B. 1806 East India College at Haileybury in England was established
C. Lord Cornwallis laid Indian Civil Services in 1798
D. The Indian Civil Service has often called as 'Copper Frame'
E. Lord Cornwallis raised the salaries of Company Servants
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d). Lord Cornwallis is the 'Father of Civil Services in India', but he served from 1786–1793. Statement D is incorrect as the service was called the 'Steel Frame' by Lloyd George, not copper.
Information Booster

• Fort William College (1800) was built to train civil servants in Indian languages and customs.
• Haileybury College replaced Fort William as the primary training center for recruits.
• Cornwallis strictly prohibited private trade for company servants and increased their salaries.
• Recruitment was initially by nomination, but the Charter Act of 1853 introduced open competition.
• Satyendranath Tagore became the first Indian to join the ICS in 1863.

• Steel Frame: A term used to describe the rigid and powerful administrative structure of the ICS.
• Aitchison Commission (1886): Recommended the categories of Imperial, Provincial, and Subordinate Civil Services.
• Cornwallis Code (1793): Separated revenue administration from judicial administration.