Which novel macrolide antibiotic, highlighted in a December 2024 PIB factsheet, is being positioned as India’s first indigenous drug against community-acquired pneumonia?

​The correct answer is: (A) Nafithromycin
​Explanation:
● The Nafithromycin was featured in a December 2024 Press Information Bureau factsheet as India’s first indigenous macrolide antibiotic developed to treat Community‑Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP).
​Information Booster:
● Nafithromycin is developed by Wockhardt Ltd with support from Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).
● It is described as an “ultra-short-course” (three-day regimen) oral antibiotic with high lung penetration.
● The drug targets resistant strains causing pneumonia, marking a major step amid antimicrobial-resistance concerns.
​Additional Knowledge:
● Pretomanid, Lefamulin and Delafloxacin (options B, C, D) are antibiotics but not identified in the PIB factsheet as India’s first indigenous macrolide for CABP in December 2024.
● Macrolide antibiotics are specifically useful for pneumonia because they cover ‘atypical’ pathogens like Mycoplasma and Chlamydia along with typical bacteria.​