Which mode of political organisation unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in a way that allows each to maintain its own integrity?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is: (B). Federalism

Federalism is a mode of political organization that unites separate states or polities within an overarching political system while allowing each to maintain its own integrity and governance. It typically involves a division of powers between a central government and regional governments, each with its own responsibilities and autonomy.

• ​Countries like the United States, Germany, India, and Australia have federal systems of government.
• ​One of the core ideas behind federalism is "dual sovereignty," meaning both the central government and state governments have their own spheres of power.