Which is not a true experimental design?

Correct option is C

Ans. (c)
Sol. Exploratory designs are non-experimental and used when little is known about a phenomenon. They help generate hypotheses but do not involve manipulation of variables or ra Explanation of each option: · (a) Factorial Design – A true experimental design that studies the effects of two or more variables simultaneously.
· (b) Randomized Block – Also a true experimental design used to control the effects of confounding variables.
· (c) Exploratory Designs – Correct answer. These are qualitative or descriptive, not true experimental methods.
· (d) Crossover Design – A true experimental design where participants receive multiple interventions in a sequence.