Which is considered one of the green fuels that resolve the problems that exist with municipal waste and energy requirements ?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b).

Introduction

Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is produced from the combustible fractions of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW).

By converting organic and non-recyclable plastic wastes into standardized fuel pellets, RDF simultaneously mitigates landfill burdens and provides a viable alternative energy source, addressing both waste management and energy crises.

Information Booster

RDF is generated through mechanical biological treatment (MBT), which involves shredding, sorting, and dehydrating municipal waste.
The process carefully removes non-combustible materials such as glass, grit, and metals to enhance the fuel's calorific value.
The resulting material is often compacted into pellets or briquettes for easier transport and co-incineration.
RDF is extensively utilized in cement kilns, thermal power plants, and industrial boilers as a substitute for fossil fuels like coal.
Utilizing RDF reduces greenhouse gas emissions that would otherwise result from the anaerobic decomposition of waste in landfills (which produces methane).

Additional Knowledge

Toxic Waste-Derived Fuel (TWDF) is not a standard green fuel. Burning toxic waste poses severe risks of releasing heavy metals and dioxins unless handled in highly specialized, closed-loop incinerators.
Hazardous Waste-Derived Fuel (HWDF) involves blending specific industrial hazardous wastes for energy recovery, but due to its high toxicity profile, it is strictly regulated and not considered a conventional 'green fuel' solution for municipal problems.
Pharma Waste-Derived Fuel (PWDF) is not a recognized category. Pharmaceutical waste is typically incinerated purely for safe disposal, not optimized for energy generation.