Which correlation provides a measure of the relation between a continuous variable and a two-category (dichotomous) variable?

Correct option is C

The point biserial correlation is used when measuring the relationship between a continuous variable (e.g., test scores, height, weight) and a dichotomous variable (a categorical variable with only two categories, such as gender: male/female or pass/fail).
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Information Booster:
1.A high point biserial correlation indicates that the continuous variable strongly depends on the categorical variable.
2.If the dichotomous variable is naturally occurring (e.g., gender), the standard point biserial correlation is used. If artificially dichotomized (e.g., categorizing test scores as pass/fail), a biserial correlation may be used.
3.Values range from -1 to +1:
-Positive correlation: Higher values in the continuous variable correspond to one category.
-Negative correlation: Higher values correspond to the other category.

Additional Information:
-Product moment correlation coefficient –Pearson’s product moment correlation is used when both variables are continuous
-Partial correlation –Partial correlation measures the relationship between two continuous variables while controlling for a third variable.
-Phi coefficient –The Phi coefficient is used only for two dichotomous (categorical) variables,