Which condition is diagnosed using the Hess test?

Correct option is B

The Hess test, also known as the Rumpel-Leede test, is used to assess capillary fragility and the tendency to bleed. It is primarily used in the diagnosis of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), a condition characterized by low platelet counts and increased bleeding tendency. A positive Hess test indicates the presence of petechiae due to fragile capillaries or low platelet function.
Explanation of options: (a) Disseminated intravascular coagulation – DIC is diagnosed using coagulation studies like PT, aPTT, D-dimer, and platelet counts, not the Hess test. (b) Immune thrombocytopenic purpura – This is the correct answer. The Hess test helps detect capillary fragility associated with ITP, where platelet dysfunction is common. (c) Immunodeficiency syndrome – This involves defects in immune response and is not typically evaluated through bleeding or capillary fragility tests. (d) Chronic myeloid leukaemia – CML is diagnosed through blood smear, bone marrow biopsy, and genetic tests like BCR-ABL, not with Hess testing.