When a person changes from one position to another position of equal status, it is called:

Correct option is A

Ans. (a) Horizontal mobility
Sol. Horizontal mobility refers to a change in a person's position within the same social level. It involves movement within a similar rank without a change in social hierarchy.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Horizontal mobility – Correct answer. It refers to movement within the same social status, such as a teacher moving from one school to another.
· (b) Upward social mobility – Incorrect. This refers to a rise in social status, such as a worker being promoted to a managerial position.
· (c) Downward social mobility – Incorrect. This occurs when a person moves to a lower status, such as a manager losing their job and becoming a clerk.
· (d) Vertical mobility – Incorrect. Vertical mobility includes both upward and downward movement in social status.