Correct option is C
The correct answer is (c) Various systems of land settlement
Explanation:
. Zamindari, Ryotwari and Mahalwari systems exploited farmers.
. Focused on revenue extraction.
. No incentive for investment in agriculture.
. Led to low productivity.
. Caused rural poverty.
Information Booster:
. Landlords became intermediaries.
. Farmers lost ownership rights.