What name is given to a program in execution?

Correct option is A

A process is a program that is currently in execution. It represents the dynamic activity of the program, including its code, data, and execution state. A program becomes a process when it is loaded into memory and begins execution.
Important Key Points:
1. A program is a passive entity stored on disk, whereas a process is an active entity in execution.
2. Processes have a unique Process ID (PID) to distinguish them in the operating system.
3. The operating system manages processes using structures like the process table.
Knowledge Booster:
· Data Load: Refers to the process of loading data, not related to a program's execution.
· Program: Refers to a set of instructions stored on disk, not yet in execution.
· Mutex: A synchronization mechanism, unrelated to the execution of programs.
· Processes can be in different states, such as ready, running, or waiting, depending on system conditions.