What key emotion did the Extremists aim to arouse in people against British colonial rule?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Indignation
Explanation:
· The Extremists (or Assertive Nationalists) in the Indian National Congress (such as Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal) aimed to arouse a sense of Indignation (righteous anger or resentment) among the masses against the oppressive nature of British rule.
· Unlike the Moderates, who used petitions and appeals (aimed at securing British sympathy and justice), the Extremists advocated radical methods like passive resistance, Swadeshi (use of domestic goods), and Boycott (of foreign goods and institutions).
· Their goal was to instill self-reliance and a fierce sense of national pride, leading to mass mobilization and direct political action that challenged British authority.
Information Booster:
· The period of Extremism in the Congress is generally considered to be from 1905 to 1918, following the Partition of Bengal (1905).
· The three prominent leaders were collectively known as 'Lal-Bal-Pal'.
· The Extremists believed in demanding Swaraj (self-rule) outright, not just constitutional reforms.
Additional Knowledge:
· Sympathy (b): This was the main emotion the Moderates (like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale) sought to elicit from the British Parliament.
· Loyalty (c): This was what the British government desired, and what a small section of Indian elites exhibited.