​Choose the correct answer from the options below:​

What is true about retrospective studies?

(A) Data are often collected with the help of narrative methods
(B) It is also known as naturalistic inquiry
(C) Collected data can be analyzed through
(D) It is the same as a quasi-experiment
(E) Biographical research is a good example of retrospective study

Correct option is C

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Retrospective studies analyze past events or existing data to draw conclusions. Let’s examine each statement:

• (A) Data are often collected with the help of narrative methods
  Retrospective studies frequently use narrative methods, such as personal interviews, case studies, and historical records, to analyze past events.
  

• (B) It is also known as naturalistic inquiry
  Naturalistic inquiry involves studying phenomena in their natural context. Retrospective studies fit this approach since they do not involve manipulation of variables but rather analyze pre-existing data.
  

• (C) Collected data can be analyzed through
  Retrospective studies use various analysis techniques, including statistical, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches.
  

• (D) It is the same as a quasi-experiment
  This statement is incorrect. Quasi-experiments involve a degree of intervention or control over variables, whereas retrospective studies only analyze past data without altering any conditions.
  

• (E) Biographical research is a good example of retrospective study
  Biographical research examines past events and personal histories, making it a clear example of a retrospective study.
  
  

Information Booster:

• Quasi-Experiment: A research design that incorporates an intervention or manipulation but lacks full experimental control, particularly in terms of random assignment of participants. Unlike retrospective studies, quasi-experiments involve active manipulation of variables to examine causal relationships, albeit with reduced internal validity compared to true experiments.
  

• Naturalistic Inquiry: A qualitative research paradigm that investigates phenomena in their natural settings without researcher intervention. It aligns with retrospective studies in its observational nature, as both methodologies prioritize ecological validity and the study of naturally occurring behaviors and experiences.
  

           Biographical Research: A qualitative research method that systematically collects, interprets, and analyzes individuals' life histories, personal narratives, and autobiographical accounts. Given its reliance on historical records and retrospective accounts, biographical research is inherently retrospective in nature, often used to explore psychological development and identity formation over time.

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