What is the process called when a substance's spontaneous movement from a high concentration to a low concentration takes place?

Correct option is B

Sol: The correct answer is (b) Diffusion

Key Points:

• ​Diffusion is the process where particles move spontaneously from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient, until equilibrium is reached. This process does not require energy and can occur in gases, liquids, and solids.
• ​In biological systems, diffusion is essential for the transport of substances across cell membranes. For example, oxygen diffuses from areas of high concentration in the lungs into the bloodstream, where its concentration is lower, facilitating respiration.
  
• diffusion is a passive process, meaning it doesn't require external energy input. Instead, it relies on the inherent kinetic energy of particles, leading to their random motion and eventual even distribution
  

Information booster:

• Osmosis: A specific type of diffusion involving the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
• Gaseous exchange: This typically refers to the process in respiratory systems where gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) are exchanged between an organism and its environment.
• Circulation : Refers to the movement of substances like blood throughout the body by a circulatory system.

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