Use of several methods like temperature (high or low), control of acidity, control of water activity for preservation of food is known as

Correct option is A

Hurdle technology involves combining multiple preservation techniques (or hurdles), such as temperature control, pH, water activity (aw), redox potential, and preservatives to ensure microbial safety and shelf life of food. The idea is that each hurdle alone may not be effective, but together they prevent microbial growth efficiently.