Tughlug Dynasty was ended by which of the following rulers?

Correct option is A

​The correct answer is (a) Timur

Explanation:

• The Tughlaq Dynasty came to an end due to the invasion of Timur (Tamerlane), a Mongol conqueror, in 1398.
• Timur, a Turco-Mongol military leader, invaded the Delhi Sultanate in 1398. His army defeated the last Tughlaq ruler, Mahmud Tughluq, causing widespread destruction, particularly in Delhi.
  

Information Booster:

Tughlaq Dynasty (1320–1414 AD): Rulers 

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320–1325)

• Founder of the Tughlaq Dynasty.
  
• He was known as Ghazi (Slayer of Infidels).
• Contributions:
• Built Tughlaqabad (fortified city) to protect against Mongol attacks.
• His reign was documented by Amir Khusrau in the Tughlaq Nama.

Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325–1351)

• Alternate names: Jauna Khan, Ulugh Khan.
• Notable Experiments:
• Capital transfer: Moved the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (Devgiri).
• Token currency: Introduced copper tankas to replace silver tankas (failed).
• Military expeditions: Led expeditions to Khorasan and Qarachil (border between India and China).
• Agricultural reforms: Enhanced land revenue in the Doab.
• Developed the Diwan-i-Kohi (department for agriculture).

Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351–1388)

• Known for revising the fiscal policy to improve revenue and ease the tax burden.
• Contributions:
  
• Established various new departments, including:
• Diwan-i-Khairat (for charity)
• Diwan-i-Bandagan (for slaves)
• Dar-ul-Shifa (hospital for the poor).
• Revived the Iqtadari system and introduced the jagir system, making land assignments hereditary.
• Constructed cities like Firozabad (Firoz Shah Kotla) Hissar, and Jaunpur.
• Imposed an irrigation tax (Sharb) on lands irrigated by state-constructed canals.

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